The Extreme Sudoku
Here is a hard Sudoku. We have solved this puzzle step-by-step by using various techniques.
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Step 1: Hidden Single
In block B8, the only cell where the digit “2” can be placed is (I6). Therefore, this cell (I6) must be 2.

Step 2: Hidden Single
In block B9, the only cell where the digit “6” can be placed is (H9). Therefore, this cell (H9) must be 6.

Step 3: Hidden Single
In block B2, the only cell where the digit “7” can be placed is (C6). Therefore, this cell (C6) must be 7.

Step 4: Hidden Single
In column 7, the only cell where the digit “7” can be placed is (E7). Therefore, this cell (E7) must be 7.

Step 5: Hidden Single
In block B2, the only cell where the digit “9” can be placed is (B5). Therefore, this cell (B5) must be 9.

Step 6: Hidden Single
In block B5, the only cell where the digit “9” can be placed is (D6). Therefore, this cell (D6) must be 9.

Step 7: Hidden Single
In block B6, the only cell where the digit “9” can be placed is (F9). Therefore, this cell (F9) must be 9.

Step 8: Hidden Single
In column 7, the only cell where the digit “2” can be placed is (G7). Therefore, this cell (G7) must be 2.

Step 9: Hidden Single
In row G, the only cell where the digit “5” can be placed is (G8). Therefore, this cell (G8) must be 5.

Step 10: Hidden Single
In block B3, the only cell where the digit “5” can be placed is (C7). Therefore, this cell (C7) must be 5.

Step 11: Hidden Single
In column 6, the only cell where the digit “5” can be placed is (H6). Therefore, this cell (H6) must be 5.

Step 12: Hidden Single
In block B2, the only cell where the digit “6” can be placed is (C5). Therefore, this cell (C5) must be 6.

Step 13: Hidden Single
In block B9, the only cell where the digit “9” can be placed is (I7). Therefore, this cell (I7) must be 9.

Step 14: Hidden Single
In block B7, the only cell where the digit “9” can be placed is (G1). Therefore, this cell (G1) must be 9.

Step 15: Hidden Single
In block B8, the only cell where the digit “1” can be placed is (H5). Therefore, this cell (H5) must be 1.

Step 16: Hidden Single
In column 6, the only cell where the digit “1” can be placed is (E6). Therefore, this cell (E6) must be 1.

Step 17: Naked Single
The only possible candidate for cell (C4) is 4. All other 8 digits appear at least once in the related area (i.e., in the same row (R3), in the same column (4) or in the same block (B2)). Therefore, this cell (C4) must be 4.

Step 18: Candidates for all empty cells were entered.

Step 19: Naked Pair
In block B1, the two green cells (C2) and (C3) have the same two possibilities 3 and 8, so these two digits each will occupy one of those two green cells and cannot be possibilities for any other cells in the same block.

Step 20: Locked Candidates
In column 8, candidate 1s are marked in red and they all fall in block B3. So, in block B3, the digit “1” must be one of those marked in red and cannot be a candidate for any other cells in the same block.

Step 21: Locked Candidates
In column 3, candidate 4s are marked in red and they all fall in block B4. So, in block B4, the digit “4” must be one of those marked in red and cannot be a candidate for any other cells in the same block.

Step 22: Forcing Chain
Cell (A5) has 2 possibilities “2” and “5”. In either case, digit “5” cannot be a candidate for cell (B2).
Case 1
Step A: Suppose (A5) is 2
Step B: (A2) cannot be 2
Step C: (B2) must be 2
Step D: (B2) cannot be 5
Case 2
Step a: Suppose (A5) is 5
Step b: (D5) cannot be 5
Step c: (D2) must be 5
Step d: (B2) cannot be 5

Step 23: Nishio
If cell (B2) is “7”, digit “4” will not be in any cells of row R6. Therefore, cell (B2) cannot be “7”.
Step A: Suppose (B2) is 7
Step B: (B2) cannot be 2, (B3) cannot be 7
Step C: (B4) must be 2, (F3) must be 7
Step D: (F4) cannot be 2, (F3) cannot be 4
Step E: (F8) must be 2
Step F: (F8) cannot be 4

Step 24: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (B2) is 2. Therefore, this cell must be 2. All other 2(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 25: Forcing Chain
Cell (B3) has 2 possibilities “6” and “7”. In either case, digit “3” cannot be a candidate for cell (F8).
Case 1
Step A: Suppose (B3) is 6
Step B: (B3) cannot be 7
Step C: (F3) must be 7
Step D: (F3) cannot be 4
Step E: (F8) must be 4
Step F: (F8) cannot be 3
Case 2
Step a: Suppose (B3) is 7
Step b: (A1) cannot be 7, (A2) cannot be 7
Step c: (A9) must be 7
Step d: (A9) cannot be 3
Step e: (A8) must be 3
Step f: (F8) cannot be 3

Step 26: Forcing Chain
Cell (C3) has 2 possibilities “3” and “8”. In either case, digit “3” cannot be a candidate for cell (D2).
Case 1
Step A: Suppose (C3) is 3
Step B: (G3) cannot be 3
Step C: (G3) must be 1
Step D: (I2) cannot be 1
Step E: (D2) must be 1
Step F: (D2) cannot be 3
Case 2
Step a: Suppose (C3) is 8
Step b: (C3) cannot be 3
Step c: (C2) must be 3
Step d: (D2) cannot be 3

Step 27: Forcing Chain
Cell (A9) has 2 possibilities “3” and “7”. In either case, digit “3” cannot be a candidate for cell (E8).
Case 1
Step A: Suppose (A9) is 3
Step B: (D9) cannot be 3, (G9) cannot be 3
Step C: (G3) must be 3
Step D: (D3) cannot be 3
Step E: (D7) must be 3
Step F: (E8) cannot be 3
Case 2
Step a: Suppose (A9) is 7
Step b: (A9) cannot be 3
Step c: (A8) must be 3
Step d: (E8) cannot be 3

Step 28: Locked Candidates
In block B6, candidate 3s are marked in red and they all fall in row R4. So, in row R4, the digit “3” must be one of those marked in red and cannot be a candidate for any other cells in the same row.

Step 29: Forcing Chain
Cell (A8) has 2 possibilities “1” and “3”. In either case, digit “8” cannot be a candidate for cell (I9).
Case 1
Step A: Suppose (A8) is 1
Step B: (A8) cannot be 3
Step C: (H8) must be 3
Step D: (H7) cannot be 3
Step E: (H7) must be 8
Step F: (I9) cannot be 8
Case 2
Step a: Suppose (A8) is 3
Step b: (A8) cannot be 1
Step c: (B8) must be 1
Step d: (B8) cannot be 8
Step e: (B9) must be 8
Step f: (I9) cannot be 8

Step 30: Locked Candidates
In row I, candidate 8s are marked in red and they all fall in block B7. So, in block B7, the digit “8” must be one of those marked in red and cannot be a candidate for any other cells in the same block.

Step 31: Nishio
If cell (A9) is “3”, digit “8” will not be in any cells of column C2. Therefore, cell (A9) cannot be “3”.
Step A: Suppose (A9) is 3
Step B: (A9) cannot be 7, (G9) cannot be 3
Step C: (B9) must be 7, (G3) must be 3
Step D: (B9) cannot be 8, (G3) cannot be 1, (C3) cannot be 3
Step E: (C2) must be 3, (I2) must be 1, (D9) must be 8
Step F: (C2) cannot be 8, (I2) cannot be 8, (D2) cannot be 8

Step 32: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (A9) is 7. Therefore, this cell must be 7. All other 7(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 33: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (B9) is 8. Therefore, this cell must be 8. All other 8(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 34: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (B8) is 1. Therefore, this cell must be 1. All other 1(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 35: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (A8) is 3. Therefore, this cell must be 3. All other 3(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 36: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (B4) is 5. Therefore, this cell must be 5. All other 5(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 37: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (A5) is 2. Therefore, this cell must be 2. All other 2(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 38: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (A4) is 1. Therefore, this cell must be 1.

Step 39: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (E5) is 4. Therefore, this cell must be 4. All other 4(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 40: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (D5) is 5. Therefore, this cell must be 5. All other 5(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 41: Forcing Chain
Cell (D2) has 2 possibilities “1” and “8”. The following results agree in both cases and therefore can be confirmed:
(1) (D9) cannot be 3
(2) (H7) cannot be 3
Case 1
Step A: Suppose (D2) is 1
Step B: (D3) cannot be 1
Step C: (G3) must be 1
Step D: (G3) cannot be 3
Step E: (G9) must be 3
Step F: (D9) cannot be 3, (H7) cannot be 3
Case 2
Step a: Suppose (D2) is 8
Step b: (D7) cannot be 8
Step c: (D7) must be 3
Step d: (D9) cannot be 3, (H7) cannot be 3

Step 42: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (D9) is 4. Therefore, this cell must be 4. All other 4(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 43: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (F8) is 2. Therefore, this cell must be 2. All other 2(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 44: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (E8) is 8. Therefore, this cell must be 8. All other 8(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 45: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (D7) is 3. Therefore, this cell must be 3.

Step 46: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (F4) is 3. Therefore, this cell must be 3. All other 3(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 47: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (E4) is 2. Therefore, this cell must be 2.

Step 48: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (H7) is 8. Therefore, this cell must be 8.

Step 49: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (H8) is 4. Therefore, this cell must be 4. All other 4(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 50: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (I9) is 1. Therefore, this cell must be 1. All other 1(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 51: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (G9) is 3. Therefore, this cell must be 3. All other 3(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 52: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (G3) is 1. Therefore, this cell must be 1. All other 1(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 53: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (D3) is 8. Therefore, this cell must be 8. All other 8(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 54: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (C3) is 3. Therefore, this cell must be 3. All other 3(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 55: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (C2) is 8. Therefore, this cell must be 8. All other 8(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 56: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (D2) is 1. Therefore, this cell must be 1.

Step 57: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (E3) is 6. Therefore, this cell must be 6. All other 6(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 58: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (B3) is 7. Therefore, this cell must be 7. All other 7(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 59: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (B1) is 6. Therefore, this cell must be 6.

Step 60: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (E1) is 3. Therefore, this cell must be 3. All other 3(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 61: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (F3) is 4. Therefore, this cell must be 4.

Step 62: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (H1) is 7. Therefore, this cell must be 7. All other 7(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 63: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (F1) is 5. Therefore, this cell must be 5. All other 5(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 64: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (A1) is 4. Therefore, this cell must be 4. All other 4(s) in the orange area can be removed.

Step 65: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (A2) is 5. Therefore, this cell must be 5.

Step 66: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (F2) is 7. Therefore, this cell must be 7.

Step 67: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (H2) is 3. Therefore, this cell must be 3.

Step 68: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (I1) is 8. Therefore, this cell must be 8.

Step 69: Naked Single
The only candidate for cell (I2) is 4. Therefore, this cell must be 4.

Final Solution
